2021-2022/2nd/13_Programmation/2E_variables.ipynb

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   "source": [
    "# Étape 2: Variables, affectation et type"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "markdown",
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   "source": [
    "### Trois types de variables\n",
    "\n",
    "Pour nous (humain) les trois variables qui suivent sont itdentiques"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": null,
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   "outputs": [],
   "source": [
    "a = 1\n",
    "a"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": null,
   "id": "87873ff4",
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [],
   "source": [
    "b = 1.0\n",
    "b"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": null,
   "id": "98f34ab7",
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [],
   "source": [
    "c = \"1\"\n",
    "c"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "markdown",
   "id": "a1296b4f",
   "metadata": {},
   "source": [
    "Mais pour Python ce sont trois choses très différentes. Le premier est un **entier**, le deuxième est un **flottant** (nombre à virgule) et le dernier est une **chaine de caractères**."
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "markdown",
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   "metadata": {},
   "source": [
    "1. Trier les variables suivantes en fonction de leur type"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": null,
   "id": "86571601",
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [],
   "source": [
    "a = 3\n",
    "b = 4.5\n",
    "c = \"coucou\"\n",
    "d = \"6\"\n",
    "e = 8\n",
    "f = 5.0\n",
    "g = \"09\"\n",
    "h = \"0.4\""
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "raw",
   "id": "708fea37",
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   "source": [
    "Les entiers:\n",
    "Les flottants:\n",
    "Les chaines de caractères:"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "markdown",
   "id": "1cb8c216",
   "metadata": {},
   "source": [
    "Il est possible de transformer les types. Pour cela, Python utilise les trois fonctions suivantes\n",
    "\n",
    "- `int(...)`\n",
    "- `str(...)`\n",
    "- `float(...)`\n",
    "\n",
    "2. Quelques exemples d'utilisation de la fonction `int(...)`. Les exécuter."
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": null,
   "id": "d5643413",
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [],
   "source": [
    "int(a)"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": null,
   "id": "8cce59f4",
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [],
   "source": [
    "int(b)"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": null,
   "id": "67595ac0",
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [],
   "source": [
    "int(c)"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": null,
   "id": "730d8ec6",
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [],
   "source": [
    "int(d)"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": null,
   "id": "3288e311",
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [],
   "source": [
    "int(g)"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "markdown",
   "id": "fa9adefe",
   "metadata": {},
   "source": [
    "En quoi la fonction `int(...)` tranforme-t-elle les variables?"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "raw",
   "id": "46b49780",
   "metadata": {},
   "source": []
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "markdown",
   "id": "8ef9fb28",
   "metadata": {},
   "source": [
    "3. Expérimenter la fonction `float(...)`."
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": null,
   "id": "d22272b4",
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [],
   "source": []
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "markdown",
   "id": "5b822091",
   "metadata": {},
   "source": [
    "En quoi la fonction `float(...)` tranforme-t-elle les variables?"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "raw",
   "id": "2cc489e3",
   "metadata": {},
   "source": []
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "markdown",
   "id": "5da8293d",
   "metadata": {},
   "source": [
    "3. Expérimenter la fonction `str(...)`."
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": null,
   "id": "332877f7",
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [],
   "source": []
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "markdown",
   "id": "da5cd3ea",
   "metadata": {},
   "source": [
    "En quoi la fonction `str(...)` tranforme-t-elle les variables?"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "raw",
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   "source": [
    "4. La fonction `input(...)` affiche du texte et attend un réponse."
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": null,
   "id": "afc36b4e",
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [],
   "source": [
    "reponse = input(\"Comment tu t'appelles?\")\n",
    "reponse"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "markdown",
   "id": "f7e096e1",
   "metadata": {},
   "source": [
    "Quel est le type de la variable `reponse`"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": null,
   "id": "9518e549",
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [],
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   "source": [
    "## Exercices\n",
    "\n",
    "Dans les éxercices suivants vous devrez coder un programme qui fait ce qu'il est décrit. Vous pouvez les faire dans l'ordre que vous souhaitez."
   ]
  },
  {
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   "id": "47fa675c",
   "metadata": {},
   "source": [
    "### Variation d'une grandeur\n",
    "\n",
    "Écrire un programme qui\n",
    "\n",
    "    demande la valeur initiale\n",
    "    demande le taux d'évolution\n",
    "    affiche la valeur finale"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": null,
   "id": "d885f2a5",
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   "outputs": [],
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  },
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   "source": [
    "## Taux de variation\n",
    "\n",
    "Écrire un programme qui\n",
    "\n",
    "    demande la valeur initiale\n",
    "    demande la valeur finale\n",
    "    affiche le taux d'évolution\n"
   ]
  },
  {
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    "### Coordonnées du milieu\n",
    "\n",
    "Écrire un programme qui\n",
    "\n",
    "    demande l'abscisse du point A\n",
    "    demande l'ordonnée du point A\n",
    "    demande l'abscisse du point B\n",
    "    demande l'ordonnée du point B\n",
    "    stock l'abscisse du milieu du segment [AB]\n",
    "    stock l'ordonnée du milieu du segment [AB]\n",
    "    affiche les coordonnées du milieu du segment [AB]\n",
    "    "
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": null,
   "id": "4ad529dc",
   "metadata": {},
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  },
  {
   "cell_type": "markdown",
   "id": "fdb3ba0c",
   "metadata": {},
   "source": [
    "### Distance entre deux points\n",
    "\n",
    "Écrire un programme qui\n",
    "\n",
    "    demande l'abscisse du point A\n",
    "    demande l'ordonnée du point A\n",
    "    demande l'abscisse du point B\n",
    "    demande l'ordonnée du point B\n",
    "    affiche la distance AB\n",
    "    \n",
    "Pour calculer la racine carré, vous aurez besoin d'importer la fonction `sqrt`. Pour cela, votre programme devra commencer par la ligne suivante\n",
    "\n",
    "    from math import sqrt"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": null,
   "id": "aae82c94",
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [],
   "source": []
  }
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