586 lines
13 KiB
Plaintext
586 lines
13 KiB
Plaintext
{
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"cells": [
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{
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"cell_type": "markdown",
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"id": "ed3c16da",
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"metadata": {},
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"source": [
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"# Découverte des listes et des tuples\n",
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"\n",
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"## Mise en situation\n",
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"\n",
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"On souhaite écrire un programme qui fait une moyenne de notes.\n",
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"\n",
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"1. Écrire une fonction `moyenne3` qui prend en argument 3 notes et qui renvoie la moyenne de ces trois notes"
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]
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},
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{
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"cell_type": "code",
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"execution_count": null,
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"id": "352fd339",
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"metadata": {},
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"outputs": [],
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"source": [
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"# tests\n",
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"assert moyenne3(1, 2, 3) == 2\n",
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"assert moyenne3(10, 0, 5) == 5"
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]
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},
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{
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"cell_type": "code",
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"execution_count": null,
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"id": "ddd2db52",
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"metadata": {},
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"outputs": [],
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"source": [
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"# fonction"
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]
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},
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{
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"cell_type": "code",
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"execution_count": null,
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"id": "3e58998e",
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"metadata": {},
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"outputs": [],
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"source": []
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},
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{
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"cell_type": "markdown",
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"id": "97396105",
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"metadata": {},
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"source": [
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"2. Écrire une fonction `moyenne_question` qui prend en argument un nombre de notes puis renvoie la moyenne des notes entrée par l'utilisateur (avec input)."
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]
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},
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{
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"cell_type": "code",
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"execution_count": null,
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"id": "4dd1cb77",
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"metadata": {},
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"outputs": [],
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"source": [
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"# pas de tests à cause de l'utilisation du input"
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]
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},
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{
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"cell_type": "code",
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"execution_count": null,
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"id": "572a9917",
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"metadata": {},
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"outputs": [],
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"source": [
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"# fonction"
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]
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},
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{
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"cell_type": "code",
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"execution_count": null,
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"id": "af965cbe",
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"metadata": {},
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"outputs": [],
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"source": []
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},
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{
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"cell_type": "markdown",
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"id": "91486d89",
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"metadata": {},
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"source": [
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"3. On voudrait maintenant écrire une fonction qui prend en argument plusieurs notes (qu'on ne connait pas à l'avance) et qui renvoie la moyenne de ces notes. Quels sont les obstacles qui empêchent de réaliser une telle fonction?"
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]
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},
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{
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"cell_type": "raw",
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"id": "ac18a2ae",
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"metadata": {},
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"source": []
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},
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{
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"cell_type": "markdown",
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"id": "28501a12",
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"metadata": {},
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"source": [
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"## Les listes\n",
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"\n",
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"Les `list` sont un autre type de variable (au même titre que les `int`, `float`...). Ils ont la particularité de stocker un nombre arbitraire de variables. En voici des exemples"
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]
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},
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{
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"cell_type": "code",
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"execution_count": null,
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"id": "0c8dd096",
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"metadata": {},
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"outputs": [],
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"source": [
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"liste1 = [1, 2, 3, 4, 5]\n",
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"liste2 = [\"a\", \"c\" \"uio\", \"éé\"]\n",
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"liste3 = [-1, 2.2, \"uio\", 10, 100, \"1000\"] "
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]
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},
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{
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"cell_type": "code",
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"execution_count": null,
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"id": "28c340b2",
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"metadata": {},
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"outputs": [],
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"source": [
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"print(liste1)\n",
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"print(liste2)\n",
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"print(liste3)"
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]
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},
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{
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"cell_type": "markdown",
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"id": "9dd742c8",
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"metadata": {},
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"source": [
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"### Accéder à un élément de liste\n",
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"\n",
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"Pour accéder à un élément particulier d'une liste, on utilise les crochets`[]`.\n",
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"\n",
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"1. Deviner ce qui va être afficher par les commandes ci-dessous avant de l'exécuter."
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]
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},
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{
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"cell_type": "code",
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"execution_count": null,
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"id": "87fc0d29",
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"metadata": {},
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"outputs": [],
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"source": [
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"print(liste1[3])\n",
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"print(liste2[2])\n",
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"print(liste3[0])\n",
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"print(liste1[-1])"
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]
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},
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{
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"cell_type": "markdown",
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"id": "61cb8afe",
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"metadata": {},
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"source": [
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"2. Écrire les commandes pour accéder au nombre 2 de la liste1, \"éé\" de la liste2 et \"uio\" de la liste3"
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]
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},
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{
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"cell_type": "code",
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"execution_count": null,
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"id": "f11b02a8",
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"metadata": {},
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"outputs": [],
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"source": []
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},
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{
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"cell_type": "markdown",
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"id": "cadb6818",
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"metadata": {},
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"source": [
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"3. Que se passe-t-il quand on essayer d'accéder à une valeur qui n'existe pas?"
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]
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},
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{
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"cell_type": "code",
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"execution_count": null,
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"id": "37903285",
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"metadata": {},
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"outputs": [],
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"source": []
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},
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{
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"cell_type": "raw",
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"id": "9a0e4586",
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"metadata": {},
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"source": []
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},
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{
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"cell_type": "markdown",
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"id": "da97681e",
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"metadata": {},
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"source": [
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"4. On peut aussi modifier un élément d'une liste"
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]
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},
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{
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"cell_type": "code",
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"execution_count": null,
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"id": "f594935a",
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"metadata": {},
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"outputs": [],
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"source": [
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"liste1[1] = \"azert\"\n",
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"print(list1)"
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]
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},
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{
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"cell_type": "markdown",
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"id": "bd595043",
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"metadata": {},
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"source": [
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"5. Construire une liste avec les nombres pairs inférieur à 10. Puis modifier la pour que les multiples de 4 soient remplacés par \"a\"."
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]
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},
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{
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"cell_type": "code",
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"execution_count": null,
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"id": "4677cbb0",
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"metadata": {},
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"outputs": [],
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"source": []
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},
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{
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"cell_type": "markdown",
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"id": "f08d4c53",
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"metadata": {},
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"source": [
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"### Ajouter/supprimer des éléments\n",
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"\n",
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"Pour ajouter des éléments, on utilise la méthode `.append(...)`."
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]
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},
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{
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"cell_type": "code",
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"execution_count": null,
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"id": "ff4e90a0",
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"metadata": {},
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"outputs": [],
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"source": [
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"liste3 = [-1, 2.2, \"uio\", 10, 100, \"1000\"]\n",
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"print(liste3)\n",
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"liste3.append(\"nsi\")\n",
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"print(liste3)\n",
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"liste3.append(\"azert\")\n",
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"print(liste3)"
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]
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},
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{
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"cell_type": "markdown",
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"id": "8a0f012c",
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"metadata": {},
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"source": [
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"1. Écrire une fonction `table` qui prend en argument un nombre `a` et une longueure `n` et qui renvoie les multiples de a de 0 à a*n."
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]
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},
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{
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"cell_type": "code",
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"execution_count": null,
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"id": "59a55bc2",
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"metadata": {},
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"outputs": [],
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"source": [
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"# Testes\n",
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"assert table(2, 10) == [0, 2, 4, 6, 8, 10, 12, 14, 16, 18, 20]\n",
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"assert table(3, 5) == [0, 3, 6, 9, 12, 15]"
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]
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},
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{
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"cell_type": "code",
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"execution_count": null,
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"id": "69fb46d6",
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"metadata": {},
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"outputs": [],
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"source": [
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"# Fonction"
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]
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},
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{
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"cell_type": "code",
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"execution_count": null,
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"id": "04e04b5d",
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"metadata": {},
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"outputs": [],
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"source": []
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},
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{
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"cell_type": "markdown",
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"id": "36258d27",
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"metadata": {},
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"source": [
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"Pour enlever un élément, on utilise la méthode `.remove(...)`."
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]
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},
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{
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"cell_type": "code",
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"execution_count": 4,
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"id": "549a996d",
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"metadata": {},
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"outputs": [
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{
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"name": "stdout",
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"output_type": "stream",
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"text": [
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"[-1, 2.2, 'uio', 10, 100, 10]\n",
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"[-1, 2.2, 10, 100, 10]\n",
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"[-1, 2.2, 100, 10]\n"
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]
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}
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],
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"source": [
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"liste3 = [-1, 2.2, \"uio\", 10, 100, 10]\n",
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"print(liste3)\n",
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"liste3.remove(\"uio\")\n",
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"print(liste3)\n",
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"liste3.remove(10)\n",
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"print(liste3)"
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]
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},
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{
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"cell_type": "markdown",
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"id": "0bc67d3c",
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"metadata": {},
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"source": [
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"### Longueur d'une liste\n",
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"\n",
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"Pour mesurer la longueur d'une liste, on utilise la fonction `len(...)`."
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]
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},
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{
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"cell_type": "code",
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"execution_count": 5,
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"id": "9c809de2",
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"metadata": {},
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"outputs": [
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{
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"name": "stdout",
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"output_type": "stream",
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"text": [
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"5\n",
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"3\n",
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"6\n"
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]
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}
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],
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"source": [
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"liste1 = [1, 2, 3, 4, 5]\n",
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"print(len(liste1))\n",
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"liste2 = [\"a\", \"c\" \"uio\", \"éé\"]\n",
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"print(len(liste2))\n",
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"liste3 = [-1, 2.2, \"uio\", 10, 100, \"1000\"] \n",
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"print(len(liste3))"
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]
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},
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{
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"cell_type": "markdown",
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"id": "88060355",
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"metadata": {},
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"source": [
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"1. Écrire une fonction `somme` qui prend en argument une liste de nombres et qui renvoie la somme des nombres"
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]
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},
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{
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"cell_type": "code",
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"execution_count": null,
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"id": "19510eb8",
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"metadata": {},
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"outputs": [],
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"source": [
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"# Tests\n",
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"assert somme([1, 2, 3]) == 6\n",
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"assert somme([1]) == 1\n",
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"assert somme([1, 5, 10, 0, 4]) == 20\n",
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"assert somme([1.2, 1, 1.5]) == 3.7"
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]
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},
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{
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"cell_type": "code",
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"execution_count": 6,
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"id": "38c79fed",
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"metadata": {},
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"outputs": [],
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"source": [
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"# Fonction"
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]
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},
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{
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"cell_type": "code",
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"execution_count": null,
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"id": "f4cd9cbf",
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"metadata": {},
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"outputs": [],
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"source": []
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},
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{
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"cell_type": "markdown",
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"id": "3e7e0a3a",
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"metadata": {},
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"source": [
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"2. Écrire une fonction `moyenne` qui prend en argument une liste de nombres et qui renvoie la moyenne de ces nombres"
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]
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},
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{
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"cell_type": "code",
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"execution_count": null,
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"id": "e83df22f",
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"metadata": {},
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"outputs": [],
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"source": [
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"# Tests\n",
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"assert moyenne([1, 2, 3]) == 2\n",
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"assert moyenne([1]) = 1"
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]
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},
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{
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"cell_type": "code",
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"execution_count": null,
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"id": "750b4e2f",
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"metadata": {},
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"outputs": [],
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"source": [
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"# Fonctions"
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]
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},
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{
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"cell_type": "code",
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"execution_count": null,
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"id": "35efeef8",
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"metadata": {},
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"outputs": [],
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"source": []
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},
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{
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"cell_type": "markdown",
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"id": "9bff74a3",
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"metadata": {},
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"source": [
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"### Boucle for sur une liste\n",
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"\n",
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"Il est possible de faire une boucle `for` sur les éléments d'une liste.\n",
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"\n",
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"Par exemple, la fonction `moyenne` précédement rédigée peut être réécrite de la manière suivante"
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]
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},
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{
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"cell_type": "code",
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"execution_count": 5,
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"id": "c93f43d4",
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"metadata": {},
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"outputs": [],
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"source": [
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"def moyenne(notes:list)->float:\n",
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" \"\"\"Calculer la moyenne des notes de la liste\"\"\"\n",
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" total = 0\n",
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" for note in notes:\n",
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" total = total + note\n",
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" return total / len(notes)"
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]
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},
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{
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"cell_type": "markdown",
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"id": "53c180b6",
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"metadata": {},
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"source": [
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"1. Ecrire une fonction `somme` qui prend en argument une liste de nombres et qui renvoie la somme de ces nombres."
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]
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},
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{
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"cell_type": "code",
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"execution_count": null,
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"id": "f956b1ec",
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"metadata": {},
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"outputs": [],
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"source": []
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},
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{
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"cell_type": "markdown",
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"id": "4ec924e6",
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"metadata": {},
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"source": [
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"2. Ecrire une fonction `multiplie` qui prend en argument un nombre et une liste de nombres et qui renvoie la liste des nombres multipliées par l'autre nombre."
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]
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},
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{
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"cell_type": "code",
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"execution_count": null,
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"id": "c90251a7",
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"metadata": {},
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"outputs": [],
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"source": [
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"#tests\n",
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"assert multiplie(2, [1, 2, 3]) == [2, 4, 6]\n",
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"assert multiplie(0, [1, 3, 6]) == [0, 0, 0]\n",
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"assert multiplie(-1, [1, 10, 100, -1]) == [-1, -10, -100, 1]"
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]
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},
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{
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"cell_type": "code",
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"execution_count": 8,
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"id": "81f3ebdf",
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"metadata": {},
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"outputs": [],
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"source": [
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"#Fonction"
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]
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},
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{
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"cell_type": "markdown",
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"id": "bd7c1976",
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"metadata": {},
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"source": [
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"3. Ecrire une fonction `filtre_impaire` qui prendre en argument une liste de nombres et qui renvoie une liste contenant uniquement les nombres impaires."
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]
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},
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{
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"cell_type": "code",
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"execution_count": 6,
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"id": "b484693e",
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"metadata": {},
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"outputs": [
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{
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"ename": "NameError",
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"evalue": "name 'filtre_impaire' is not defined",
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"output_type": "error",
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"traceback": [
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"\u001b[0;31m---------------------------------------------------------------------------\u001b[0m",
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"\u001b[0;31mNameError\u001b[0m Traceback (most recent call last)",
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"Input \u001b[0;32mIn [6]\u001b[0m, in \u001b[0;36m<module>\u001b[0;34m\u001b[0m\n\u001b[1;32m 1\u001b[0m \u001b[38;5;66;03m#tests\u001b[39;00m\n\u001b[0;32m----> 2\u001b[0m \u001b[38;5;28;01massert\u001b[39;00m \u001b[43mfiltre_impaire\u001b[49m([\u001b[38;5;241m1\u001b[39m, \u001b[38;5;241m2\u001b[39m, \u001b[38;5;241m3\u001b[39m, \u001b[38;5;241m4\u001b[39m, \u001b[38;5;241m5\u001b[39m]) \u001b[38;5;241m==\u001b[39m [\u001b[38;5;241m1\u001b[39m, \u001b[38;5;241m3\u001b[39m, \u001b[38;5;241m5\u001b[39m]\n\u001b[1;32m 3\u001b[0m \u001b[38;5;28;01massert\u001b[39;00m filtre_impaire([\u001b[38;5;241m2\u001b[39m, \u001b[38;5;241m4\u001b[39m]) \u001b[38;5;241m==\u001b[39m []\n\u001b[1;32m 4\u001b[0m \u001b[38;5;28;01massert\u001b[39;00m filtre_impaire([]) \u001b[38;5;241m==\u001b[39m []\n",
|
|
"\u001b[0;31mNameError\u001b[0m: name 'filtre_impaire' is not defined"
|
|
]
|
|
}
|
|
],
|
|
"source": [
|
|
"#tests\n",
|
|
"assert filtre_impaire([1, 2, 3, 4, 5]) == [1, 3, 5]\n",
|
|
"assert filtre_impaire([2, 4]) == []\n",
|
|
"assert filtre_impaire([]) == []"
|
|
]
|
|
},
|
|
{
|
|
"cell_type": "code",
|
|
"execution_count": 7,
|
|
"id": "c43261b1",
|
|
"metadata": {},
|
|
"outputs": [],
|
|
"source": [
|
|
"# Fonctions"
|
|
]
|
|
},
|
|
{
|
|
"cell_type": "code",
|
|
"execution_count": null,
|
|
"id": "fc069c83",
|
|
"metadata": {},
|
|
"outputs": [],
|
|
"source": []
|
|
}
|
|
],
|
|
"metadata": {
|
|
"kernelspec": {
|
|
"display_name": "Python 3 (ipykernel)",
|
|
"language": "python",
|
|
"name": "python3"
|
|
},
|
|
"language_info": {
|
|
"codemirror_mode": {
|
|
"name": "ipython",
|
|
"version": 3
|
|
},
|
|
"file_extension": ".py",
|
|
"mimetype": "text/x-python",
|
|
"name": "python",
|
|
"nbconvert_exporter": "python",
|
|
"pygments_lexer": "ipython3",
|
|
"version": "3.10.9"
|
|
}
|
|
},
|
|
"nbformat": 4,
|
|
"nbformat_minor": 5
|
|
}
|