403 lines
12 KiB
Python
403 lines
12 KiB
Python
#!/usr/bin/env python
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# encoding: utf-8
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from .generic import Stack, flatten_list, expand_list
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from .fraction import Fraction
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from .renders import txt, post2in_fix, tex
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__all__ = ['Expression']
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class Expression(object):
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"""A calculus expression. Today it can andle only expression with numbers later it will be able to manipulate unknown"""
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PRIORITY = {"^": 5, "*" : 3, "/": 4, ":": 3, "+": 2, "-":2, "(": 1}
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STR_RENDER = tex
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def __init__(self, exp):
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""" Initiate the expression
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:param exp: the expression. It can be a string or a list of tokens. It can be infix or postfix expression
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"""
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if type(exp) == str:
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self._exp = exp
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self.tokens = self.str2tokens(exp) # les tokens seront alors stockés dans self.tokens temporairement
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elif type(exp) == list:
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self.tokens = exp
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self._infix_tokens = None
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self._postfix_tokens = None
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self.feed_fix() # Determine le fix et range la liste dans self.[fix]_tokens
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def __str__(self):
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"""
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Overload str
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If you want to changer render set Expression.RENDER
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"""
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return self.STR_RENDER(self.postfix_tokens)
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def render(self, render = lambda x:str(x)):
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""" Same as __str__ but accept render as argument
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:param render: function which render the list of token (postfix form) to string
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"""
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# TODO: I don't like the name of this method |ven. janv. 17 12:48:14 CET 2014
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return render(self.postfix_tokens)
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## ---------------------
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## Mechanism functions
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def simplify(self):
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""" Generator which return steps for computing the expression """
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if not self.can_go_further():
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yield self.STR_RENDER(self.postfix_tokens)
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else:
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self.compute_exp()
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old_s = ''
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for s in self.steps:
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new_s = self.STR_RENDER(s)
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# Astuce pour éviter d'avoir deux fois la même étape (par exemple pour la transfo d'une division en fraction)
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if new_s != old_s:
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old_s = new_s
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yield new_s
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for s in self.child.simplify():
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if old_s != s:
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yield s
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def can_go_further(self):
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"""Check whether it's a last step or not. If not create self.child the next expression.
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:returns: 1 if it's not the last step, 0 otherwise
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"""
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if len(self.tokens) == 1:
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return 0
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else:
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return 1
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def compute_exp(self):
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""" Create self.child with self.steps to go up to it """
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self.steps = [self.postfix_tokens]
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tokenList = self.postfix_tokens.copy()
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tmpTokenList = []
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while len(tokenList) > 2:
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# on va chercher les motifs du genre A B + pour les calculer
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if self.isNumber(tokenList[0]) and self.isNumber(tokenList[1]) and self.isOperator(tokenList[2]):
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# S'il y a une opération à faire
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op1 = tokenList[0]
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op2 = tokenList[1]
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token = tokenList[2]
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res = self.doMath(token, op1, op2)
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tmpTokenList.append(res)
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# Comme on vient de faire le calcul, on peut détruire aussi les deux prochains termes
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del tokenList[0:3]
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else:
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tmpTokenList.append(tokenList[0])
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del tokenList[0]
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tmpTokenList += tokenList
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steps = expand_list(tmpTokenList)
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if len(steps[:-1]) > 0:
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self.steps += [flatten_list(s) for s in steps[:-1]]
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self.child = Expression(steps[-1])
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## ---------------------
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## String parsing
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@classmethod
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def str2tokens(self, exp):
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""" Parse the expression, ie tranform a string into a list of tokens
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/!\ float are not availiable yet!
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:param exp: The expression (a string)
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:returns: list of token
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"""
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tokens = ['']
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for character in exp:
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if character.isdigit():
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# for "big" numbers (like 2345)
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if type(tokens[-1]) == int:
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if tokens[-1] > 0:
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tokens[-1] = tokens[-1]*10 + int(character)
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else:
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tokens[-1] = tokens[-1]*10 - int(character)
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# Special case for "-" at the begining of an expression or before "("
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elif tokens[-1] == "-" and \
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str(tokens[-2]) in " (+-*/:":
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tokens[-1] = - int(character)
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else:
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tokens.append(int(character))
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elif character in "+-*/):^":
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tokens.append(character)
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elif character in "(":
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# If "3(", ")("
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if self.isNumber(tokens[-1]) \
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or tokens[-1] == ")" :
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tokens.append("*")
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tokens.append(character)
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elif character == ".":
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raise ValueError("No float number please")
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elif character != " ":
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raise ValueError("{} is an unvalid character".format(character))
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return tokens[1:]
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# ---------------------
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# "fix" recognition
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@classmethod
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def get_fix(self, tokens):
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""" Give the "fix" of an expression
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[A, +, B] -> infix, or if there is parenthesis it is infix
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[+, A, B] -> prefix
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[A, B, +] -> postfix
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/!\ does not verify if the expression is correct/computable!
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:param exp: the expression (list of token)
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:returns: the "fix" (infix, postfix, prefix)
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"""
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if self.isOperator(tokens[0]):
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return "prefix"
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elif "(" in tokens:
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return "infix"
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elif not self.isOperator(tokens[0]) and not self.isOperator(tokens[1]):
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return "postfix"
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else:
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return "infix"
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def feed_fix(self):
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""" Recognize the fix of self.tokens and stock tokens in self.[fix]_tokens """
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if len(self.tokens) > 1:
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fix = self.get_fix(self.tokens)
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else:
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fix = "postfix" # Completement arbitraire mais on s'en fiche!
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setattr(self, fix+"_tokens", self.tokens)
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# ----------------------
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# Expressions - tokens manipulation
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@property
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def infix_tokens(self):
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""" Return infix list of tokens. Verify if it has already been computed and compute it if not
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:returns: infix list of tokens
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"""
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if self._infix_tokens:
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return self._infix_tokens
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elif self._postfix_tokens:
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self._infix_tokens = post2in_fix(self._postfix_tokens)
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return self._infix_tokens
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else:
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raise ValueError("Unkown fix")
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@infix_tokens.setter
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def infix_tokens(self, val):
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self._infix_tokens = val
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@property
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def postfix_tokens(self):
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""" Return postfix list of tokens. Verify if it has already been computed and compute it if not
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:returns: postfix list of tokens
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"""
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if self._postfix_tokens:
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return self._postfix_tokens
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elif self._infix_tokens:
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self._postfix_tokens = self.in2post_fix(self._infix_tokens)
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return self._postfix_tokens
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else:
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raise ValueError("Unkown fix")
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@postfix_tokens.setter
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def postfix_tokens(self, val):
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self._postfix_tokens = val
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# ----------------------
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# "fix" tranformations
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@classmethod
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def in2post_fix(cls, infix_tokens):
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""" From the infix_tokens list compute the corresponding postfix_tokens list
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@param infix_tokens: the infix list of tokens to transform into postfix form.
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@return: the corresponding postfix list of tokens.
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>>> Expression.in2post_fix(['(', 2, '+', 5, '-', 1, ')', '/', '(', 3, '*', 4, ')'])
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[2, 5, '+', 1, '-', 3, 4, '*', '/']
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"""
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opStack = Stack()
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postfixList = []
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for token in infix_tokens:
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if token == "(":
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opStack.push(token)
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elif token == ")":
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topToken = opStack.pop()
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while topToken != "(":
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postfixList.append(topToken)
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topToken = opStack.pop()
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elif cls.isOperator(token):
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# On doit ajouter la condition == str sinon python ne veut pas tester l'appartenance à la chaine de caractère.
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while (not opStack.isEmpty()) and (cls.PRIORITY[opStack.peek()] >= cls.PRIORITY[token]):
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postfixList.append(opStack.pop())
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opStack.push(token)
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else:
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postfixList.append(token)
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while not opStack.isEmpty():
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postfixList.append(opStack.pop())
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return postfixList
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## ---------------------
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## Computing the expression
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@staticmethod
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def doMath(op, op1, op2):
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"""Compute "op1 op op2" or create a fraction
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:param op: operator
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:param op1: first operande
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:param op2: second operande
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:returns: string representing the result
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"""
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if op == "/":
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ans = [Fraction(op1, op2)]
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ans += ans[0].simplify()
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return ans
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else:
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if type(op2) != int:
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operations = {"+": "__radd__", "-": "__rsub__", "*": "__rmul__"}
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return getattr(op2,operations[op])(op1)
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else:
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operations = {"+": "__add__", "-": "__sub__", "*": "__mul__", "^": "__pow__"}
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return getattr(op1,operations[op])(op2)
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## ---------------------
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## Recognize numbers and operators
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@staticmethod
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def isNumber(exp):
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"""Check if the expression can be a number
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:param exp: an expression
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:returns: True if the expression can be a number and false otherwise
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"""
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return type(exp) == int or \
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type(exp) == Fraction
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@staticmethod
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def isOperator(exp):
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"""Check if the expression is an opération in "+-*/:^"
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:param exp: an expression
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:returns: boolean
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"""
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return (type(exp) == str and exp in "+-*/:^")
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def test(exp):
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a = Expression(exp)
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for i in a.simplify():
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print(i)
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print("\n")
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if __name__ == '__main__':
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Expression.STR_RENDER = txt
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#exp = "2 ^ 3 * 5"
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#test(exp)
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#exp = "1 + 3 * 5"
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#test(exp)
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#exp = "2 * 3 * 3 * 5"
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#test(exp)
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#exp = "2 * 3 + 3 * 5"
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#test(exp)
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#exp = "2 * ( 3 + 4 ) + 3 * 5"
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#test(exp)
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#exp = "2 * ( 3 + 4 ) + ( 3 - 4 ) * 5"
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#test(exp)
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#
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#exp = "2 * ( 2 - ( 3 + 4 ) ) + ( 3 - 4 ) * 5"
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#test(exp)
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#
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#exp = "2 * ( 2 - ( 3 + 4 ) ) + 5 * ( 3 - 4 )"
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#test(exp)
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#
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#exp = "2 + 5 * ( 3 - 4 )"
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#test(exp)
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#exp = "( 2 + 5 ) * ( 3 - 4 )^4"
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#test(exp)
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#exp = "( 2 + 5 ) * ( 3 * 4 )"
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#test(exp)
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#exp = "( 2 + 5 - 1 ) / ( 3 * 4 )"
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#test(exp)
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#exp = "( 2 + 5 ) / ( 3 * 4 ) + 1 / 12"
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#test(exp)
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#exp = "( 2+ 5 )/( 3 * 4 ) + 1 / 2"
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#test(exp)
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#exp="(-2+5)/(3*4)+1/12+5*5"
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#test(exp)
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#exp="-2*4(12 + 1)(3-12)"
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#test(exp)
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#exp="(-2+5)/(3*4)+1/12+5*5"
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#test(exp)
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# TODO: The next one doesn't work |ven. janv. 17 14:56:58 CET 2014
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#exp="-2*(-a)(12 + 1)(3-12)"
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#e = Expression(exp)
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#print(e)
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## Can't handle it yet!!
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#exp="-(-2)"
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#test(exp)
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import doctest
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doctest.testmod()
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# -----------------------------
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# Reglages pour 'vim'
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# vim:set autoindent expandtab tabstop=4 shiftwidth=4:
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# cursor: 16 del
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