262 lines
5.6 KiB
Plaintext
262 lines
5.6 KiB
Plaintext
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{
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"cells": [
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{
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"cell_type": "markdown",
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"metadata": {},
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"source": [
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"# Boucles et accumulateurs\n",
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"\n",
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"\n",
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"Dans ce TP, nous allons travailler la boucle `for` puis nous allons voir comment les utiliser pour faire des **accumulateurs**."
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]
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},
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{
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"cell_type": "markdown",
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"metadata": {},
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"source": [
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"## La boucle `for`\n",
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"\n",
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"Nous les avons déjà rencontré. Voici l'exemple le plus simple que l'on puisse imaginer."
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]
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},
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{
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"cell_type": "code",
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"execution_count": null,
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"metadata": {},
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"outputs": [],
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"source": [
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"for i in range(10):\n",
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" print(i)"
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]
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},
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{
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"cell_type": "markdown",
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"metadata": {},
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"source": [
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"1. Lancer le programme pour expliquer ce qu'il fait. Que représente `i`? Que fait la commande `range(10)`?\n",
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"\n",
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"2. Ci-dessous, vous trouverez un nouveau programme. Avant de l'exécuter, faire le tableau des variables pour deviner ce qu'il fait."
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]
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},
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{
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"cell_type": "code",
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"execution_count": null,
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"metadata": {},
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"outputs": [],
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"source": [
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"a = 0\n",
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"for i in range(4):\n",
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" print(i**2)\n",
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" a = a + i\n",
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"print(a)"
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]
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},
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{
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"cell_type": "markdown",
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"metadata": {},
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"source": [
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"3. Même question pour le programme ci-dessous."
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]
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},
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{
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"cell_type": "code",
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"execution_count": null,
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"metadata": {},
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"outputs": [],
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"source": [
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"u = 10\n",
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"for i in range(3):\n",
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" print(u)\n",
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" u = u * 1.2\n",
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"print(u)"
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]
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},
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{
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"cell_type": "markdown",
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"metadata": {},
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"source": [
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"Pour un affichage plus pratique, on peut le réécrire."
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]
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},
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{
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"cell_type": "code",
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"execution_count": null,
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"metadata": {},
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"outputs": [],
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"source": [
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"u = 10\n",
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"for i in range(3):\n",
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" print(\"u\", i, \" = \", u)\n",
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" u = u * 1.2\n",
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"print(\"u\", i, \" = \", u)"
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]
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},
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{
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"cell_type": "markdown",
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"metadata": {},
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"source": [
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"4. Soit $u_n$ une suite géométrique de raison $q=2$ et de premier terme $u_0=1$. Écrire une programme qui calcule $u_{100}$ en utilisant une boucle `for`."
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]
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},
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{
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"cell_type": "code",
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"execution_count": null,
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"metadata": {},
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"outputs": [],
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"source": []
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},
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{
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"cell_type": "markdown",
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"metadata": {},
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"source": [
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"5. Soit $u_n$ une suite définie par la relation de récurence $u_{n+1} = 0.9u_n + 10$ et de premier terme $u_0 = 200$. Écrire un programme qui calcule $u_{50}$ en utilisant une boucle `for`."
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]
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},
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{
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"cell_type": "code",
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"execution_count": null,
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"metadata": {},
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"outputs": [],
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"source": []
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},
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{
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"cell_type": "markdown",
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"metadata": {},
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"source": [
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"## Accumulateur\n",
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"\n",
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"Il arrive que l'on ne s'intéresse non pas à une valeur particulière mais à l'accumulation de toutes les valeurs précédentes. Pour programmer cela, on utilise un accumulateur comme présenter dans le programme suivant."
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]
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},
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{
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"cell_type": "code",
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"execution_count": null,
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"metadata": {},
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"outputs": [],
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"source": [
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"u = 10\n",
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"S = u\n",
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"for i in range(4):\n",
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" u = u * 0.5\n",
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" S = S + u\n",
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"print(S)"
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]
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},
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{
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"cell_type": "markdown",
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"metadata": {},
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"source": [
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"1. Faire le tableau des valeurs pour le programme précédent et vérifier que vous obtenez bien le même résultat.\n",
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"2. Soit $u_n$ une suite géométrique de raison $q=2$ et de premier terme $u_0=1$. Écrire une programme qui ajoute toutes les valeurs de $u_n$ jusqu'à $u_{10}$."
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]
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},
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{
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"cell_type": "code",
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"execution_count": null,
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"metadata": {},
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"outputs": [],
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"source": []
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},
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{
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"cell_type": "markdown",
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"metadata": {},
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"source": [
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"3. Écrire une programme qui ajoute le carré des nombres de 1 à 100."
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]
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},
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{
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"cell_type": "code",
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"execution_count": null,
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"metadata": {},
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"outputs": [],
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"source": []
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},
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{
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"cell_type": "markdown",
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"metadata": {},
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"source": [
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"4. Écrire un programme qui ajoute l'inverse des nombres entre 1 et 500."
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]
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},
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{
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"cell_type": "code",
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"execution_count": null,
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"metadata": {},
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"outputs": [],
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"source": []
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},
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{
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"cell_type": "markdown",
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"metadata": {},
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"source": [
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"## Dossier en groupe\n",
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"\n",
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"Les cellules ci-dessous sont libres. Vous pouvez les utiliser pour écrire des programmes qui vous semblent pertinents pour le sénario choisi.\n"
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]
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},
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{
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"cell_type": "code",
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"execution_count": null,
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"metadata": {},
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"outputs": [],
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"source": []
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},
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{
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"cell_type": "code",
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"execution_count": null,
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"metadata": {},
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"outputs": [],
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"source": []
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},
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{
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"cell_type": "code",
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"execution_count": null,
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"metadata": {},
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"outputs": [],
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"source": []
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},
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{
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"cell_type": "code",
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"execution_count": null,
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"metadata": {},
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"outputs": [],
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"source": []
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},
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{
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"cell_type": "code",
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"execution_count": null,
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"metadata": {},
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"outputs": [],
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"source": []
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},
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{
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"cell_type": "code",
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"execution_count": null,
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"metadata": {},
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"outputs": [],
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"source": []
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}
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],
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"metadata": {
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"kernelspec": {
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"display_name": "Python 3",
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"language": "python",
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"name": "python3"
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},
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"language_info": {
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"codemirror_mode": {
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"name": "ipython",
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"version": 3
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},
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"file_extension": ".py",
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"mimetype": "text/x-python",
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"name": "python",
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"nbconvert_exporter": "python",
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"pygments_lexer": "ipython3",
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"version": "3.9.2"
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}
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},
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"nbformat": 4,
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"nbformat_minor": 4
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}
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