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Feat(SNT): ajoute le bilan sur les couleurs
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Bertrand Benjamin 2023-01-09 09:15:20 +01:00
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SNT/02_Photographie_numerique/3B_couleur_metadonnees.pdf Normal file
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SNT/02_Photographie_numerique/3B_couleur_metadonnees.tex Normal file
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\documentclass[a4paper,10pt]{article}
\usepackage{myXsim}
\author{Benjamin Bertrand}
\title{Image Numérique - Cours}
\date{Décembre 2022}
\pagestyle{empty}
\begin{document}
\maketitle
\subsection*{Les couleurs - RGB}
On a vu que les couleurs pouvait être décrites numériquement par 3 nombres, c'est le modèle RGB (red, green, blue).
Avec le matériel récent, le plus commun est d'attribuer 1octet (ou encore 8bits) à chaque couleurs. Les couleurs sont donc décrites par 3 octets que l'on représente pas 3 nombres entre 0 et 255.
Voici quelques exemples de couleurs:
\begin{center}
\includegraphics[scale=0.2]{./fig/roue_couleurs_255_corr}
\includegraphics[scale=0.2]{./fig/roue_couleurs_128_corr}
\end{center}
\textbf{Nombre de couleurs possibles:} Il y a 256 niveaux de rouge, 256 niveaux de vert et 256 niveau de bleu. On a donc en tout
\[
256\times 256\times 256 = \np{16777216}
\]
Ce que l'on nomme plus communément 16 millions de couleurs.
\paragraph{Remarque:} Il existe d'autres modèles pour décrire les couleurs qui fonctionnent sur le même principe mais qui ne sont pas basé sur les couleurs primaires. On peut citer TSB ou TSV.
\section{Les métadonnées}
Un fichier contenant une image ne continent pas uniquement la couleur de chaque pixel. Il contient aussi des données qui permettent de décrire le contexte dans lequel l'image a été prise. Ce sont les \textbf{métadonnées}.
\begin{minipage}{0.6\textwidth}
\includegraphics[scale=0.3]{./fig/metadonnees}
\end{minipage}
\begin{minipage}{0.4\textwidth}
On y retrouve par exemple:
\begin{itemize}
\item Les dimensions
\item La date de prise de vue
\item La marque et le modèle de l'appareil photo
\item Les coordonnées gps si le GPS est activé.
\end{itemize}
\end{minipage}
\end{document}

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9
SNT/02_Photographie_numerique/index.rst
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@ -2,7 +2,7 @@ Photographie numérique
######################
:date: 2022-11-16
:modified: 2022-12-08
:modified: 2023-01-09
:authors: Benjamin Bertrand
:tags: Photos numériques
:category: SNT
@ -77,6 +77,13 @@ Bilan: image NB, niveau de gris
- Recherche des lieux de prise de vu
- Modification des métadonnées d'une image
Bilan:
.. image:: ./3B_couleur_metadonnees.pdf
:height: 200px
:alt: Bilan sur les couleurs et les métadonnées
Étape 5: Métiers liés à l'image numérique
-----------------------------------------